Fanyang Coins

Ji or Jicheng, a former city in northern China, is now the region of present-day Beijing that has been inhabited for the longest. Ji first appears in written history around 1045 BC, when the Zhou dynasty was established. Ji was said to have been in southwest Beijing, where there have been archaeological discoveries that date to the spring and fall seasons. Up until the Qin dynasty's unification of China in 221 BC, the city of Ji served as the capital of the ancient states of Ji and Yan. After that, the city served as Youzhou's prefectural capital under the Han, Three Kingdoms, Western Jin, Sixteen Kingdoms, Northern, and Sui dynasties. The city of Ji acquired the name Youzhou when a Jizhou () was established during the Tang dynasty in what is now Tianjin Municipality. One of the sixteen prefectures that were given to the Khitans during the Five Dynasties was Youzhou. The city then served as the Liao Dynasty's southern capital and the Jin Dynasty's primary capital (1115–1234). A new capital city for the Yuan dynasty was constructed by Kublai Khan in the 13th century next to Ji to the north. Dadu incorporated the historic city of Ji as a suburb. The city wall that was built around Beijing during the Ming dynasty united the ancient and new cities.

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